SOCIAL NETWORKS, HOST-RESISTANCE, AND MORTALITY - 9-YEAR FOLLOW-UP-STUDY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY RESIDENTS

The relationship between social and community ties and mortality was assessed using the 1965 Human Population Laboratory survey of a random sample of 6928 adults in Alameda County, California, USA, and a subsequent 9 yr mortality follow-up. People who lacked social and community ties were more likely to die in the follow-up period than those with more extensive contacts. The age-adjusted relative risks for those most isolated when compared to those with the most social contacts were 2.3 for men and 2.8 for women. The association between social ties and mortality was independent of self-reported physical health status at the time of the 1965 survey, year of death, socioeconomic status physical activity and utilization of preventive health services and a cumulative index of health practices.