STATISTICAL MECHANICAL MODEL FOR DIFFUSION OF SIMPLE PENETRANTS IN POLYMERS .3. APPLICATIONS VINYL AND RELATED POLYMERS

The theory developed in Part 1 of this series is modified to accommodate polymers that possess closely spaced, bulky side groups on the chains. The side groups give rise to free space between the chain ″cores,″ which reduces the chain separation required for penetrant motion transverse to the local chain axis. The theory is then identical to that of Part 1, except that penetrant diameters minus a constant factor are employed in place of the normal diameters. In most of the cases studied the reduction factor for a given polymer may be estimated with reasonable precision from chain geometry data. This diameter-reduction effect is the likely explanation of the apparent proportionality between the activation energy of diffusion and the square of the penetrant diameter reported earlier for vinyl polymers. The data quoted here and in Part 2 are analyzed to give a semitheoretical correlation between the effective jump length L and DELTA E, the activation energy of diffusion. This correlation appears to be equally valid for glassy and rubbery noncrystalline polymers.