HEURISTICS REASONING IN DIAGNOSTIC JUDGMENT

被引:25
作者
ONEILL, ES
机构
[1] College of Nursing, University of Massachusetts, Dartmouth, North Dartmouth, MA
关键词
ACCESSIBILITY; ANCHORING AND ADJUSTMENT; DIAGNOSTIC REASONING; HEURISTICS; SIMILARITY;
D O I
10.1016/S8755-7223(95)80026-3
中图分类号
R47 [护理学];
学科分类号
1011 ;
摘要
Heuristics inquiry is an exciting new approach to understanding diagnostic reasoning. Heuristics are short-cut mental strategies that streamline information. Although heuristics allow for faster processing of information than analytic methods, they can lead to errors because not all information is considered. This article describes three heuristics particularly relevant to diagnostic reasoning: accessibility, similarity, and anchoring and adjustment. Specific factors thought to influence heuristic reasoning are reviewed and analyzed. Last, interventions to be tested for both practice and education are presented.
引用
收藏
页码:239 / 245
页数:7
相关论文
共 63 条
[1]   INTUITIVE THEORIES OF EVENTS AND EFFECTS OF BASE-RATE INFORMATION ON PREDICTION [J].
AJZEN, I .
JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, 1977, 35 (05) :303-314
[2]   ACQUISITION OF COGNITIVE SKILL [J].
ANDERSON, JR .
PSYCHOLOGICAL REVIEW, 1982, 89 (04) :369-406
[4]  
ASPINALL MJ, 1979, NURS RES, V28, P182
[5]  
BALLA JI, 1980, METHOD INFORM MED, V19, P88
[6]   OUTCOME BIAS IN DECISION EVALUATION [J].
BARON, J ;
HERSHEY, JC .
JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, 1988, 54 (04) :569-579
[7]  
Barrows HS., 1980, PROBLEM BASED LEARNI
[8]  
BENBASSAT J, 1984, J MED EDUC, V59, P951
[9]   CLINICAL JUDGMENT - HOW EXPERT NURSES USE INTUITION [J].
BENNER, P ;
TANNER, C .
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NURSING, 1987, 87 (01) :23-31
[10]   STRUCTURING DECISION-PROBLEMS AND THE BIAS HEURISTIC [J].
BERKELEY, D ;
HUMPHREYS, P .
ACTA PSYCHOLOGICA, 1982, 50 (03) :201-252