On the basis of a comparison of rRNA sequences coding the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and 5.8S regions of Filobasidiella neoformans, the teleomorph of Cryptococcus neoformans, and members of its most closely related taxa, unique oligonucleotides were designed for the specific amplification of DNA only from C. neoformans. Various combinations of these primers, designated CN4, CN5, and CN6, and the previously described fungal primers ITS1 and ITS2 were tested in PCR for their ability to amplify DNA from 37 strains of C. neoformans and 31 other isolates representing 18 species of yeasts. The combination of primers CN4 and CN5 amplified DNA from both varieties of C. neoformans but from none of the other species tested. Other pairs of primers (namely, CN5-CN6, CN4-ITS1, and CN6-ITS1) amplified DNA only from C. neoformans and from the saprophyte Filobasidiella depauperata, which is the only other member of the genus Filobasidiella. With appropriate controls, these specific oligonucleotides may be used as primers in PCR to identify C. neoformans.
