SOLID-STATE PHYSICS IN MEGAGAUSS FIELDS GENERATED BY ELECTROMAGNETIC FLUX COMPRESSION AND SINGLE-TURN COILS

For the purpose of their application to solid state physics, we have developed two techniques for generating megagauss magnetic fields: electromagnetic flux compression and the single-turn coil technique. We have succeeded in generating fields up to 550 T by the electromagnetic flux compression. By the single-turn coil technique, we can generate a field up to 150 T in a volume with a diameter of 10 mm and 200 T with a diameter of 6 mm, without destroying samples and cryostats. These ultra-high magnetic fields have been successfully employed in a variety of experiments such as cyclotron resonance, magneto-optics, magnetization, Faraday rotation, etc., on many different classes of materials such as semiconductors, semimetals, magnetic substances, and superconductors. The latest results of megagauss field generation and applications are reviewed.