RISK-FACTORS FOR NON-INSULIN-DEPENDENT DIABETES-MELLITUS

Risk factors and predictors: The risk factors for non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) include age, overall adiposity, an adverse body fat distribution, adverse glucose and insulin concentrations, insulin resistance and lack of physical exercise. The strongest predictors of NIDDM appear to be metabolic factors, including impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance. Treatment: Pharmacological agents that improve insulin sensitivity are being tested in multicenter clinical trials. In patients with a high risk of NIDDM, it seems prudent to avoid the use of pharmacologic agents that increase insulin resistance.