BIOCHEMISTRY AND GENETICS OF ACTINOMYCETE CELLULASES

被引:89
作者
WILSON, DB
机构
[1] Section of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
关键词
CELLULASES; MICROBISPORA; THERMOMONOSPORA;
D O I
10.3109/07388559209069187
中图分类号
Q81 [生物工程学(生物技术)]; Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 0836 ; 090102 ; 100705 ;
摘要
The order Actinomycetales includes a number of genera that contain species that actively degrade cellulose and these include both mesophilic and facultative thermophilic species. Cellulases produced by strains from two of the genera containing thermophilic organisms have been studied extensively: Microbispora bispora and Thermomonospora fusca. Fractionation of M. bispora cellulases has identified six different enzymes, all of which were purified to near homogeneity and partially characterized. Two of these enzymes appear to be exocellulases and gave synergism with each other and with the endocellulases. The structural genes of five M. bispora cellulases have been cloned and one was sequenced. Fractionation of T. fusca cellulases has identified five different enzymes, all of which were purified to near homogeneity and partially characterized. One of the T. fusca enzymes gives synergism in the hydrolysis of crystalline cellulose with several T. fusca endocellulases and with Trichoderma reesei CBHI but not with T. reesei CBHII. Each T. fusca cellulase contains distinct catalytic and cellulose binding domains. The structural genes of of four of the T. fusca endoglucanases have been cloned and sequenced, while three cellulase genes have been cloned from "T. curvata". The T. fusca cellulase genes are expressed at a low level in Escherichia coli, but at a high level in Streptomyces lividans. Sequence comparisons have shown that there are no significant amino acid homologies between any of the catalytic domains of the four T. fusca cellulases, but each of them shows extensive homology to several other cellulases and fits in one of the five existing cellulase gene families. There have been extensive studies of the regulation of the synthesis of these cellulases and a number of regulatory mutants have been isolated. This work has shown that the different T. fusca cellulases are coordinately regulated over a 100-fold range by two independent controls; induction by cellobiose and repression by any good carbon source.
引用
收藏
页码:45 / 63
页数:19
相关论文
共 74 条
[1]   COMPARISON OF THE CELLULASE COMPLEXES OF TRICHODERMA-REESEI RL-P37 AND THERMOMONOSPORA-FUSCA YX [J].
AGUIRRE, MV ;
PHILLIPS, JA ;
BOSTWICK, LJ ;
MONTENECOURT, BS .
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING COMMUNICATIONS, 1986, 45 (1-6) :93-109
[2]   LIGNOCARBOHYDRATE SOLUBILIZATION FROM STRAW BY ACTINOMYCETES [J].
BALL, AS ;
GODDEN, B ;
HELVENSTEIN, P ;
PENNINCKX, MJ ;
MCCARTHY, AJ .
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY, 1990, 56 (10) :3017-3022
[3]  
BALL AS, 1988, P EUROFORUM NEW ENER, V3, P24
[4]   ADHERENCE OF CLOSTRIDIUM-THERMOCELLUM TO CELLULOSE [J].
BAYER, EA ;
KENIG, R ;
LAMED, R .
JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY, 1983, 156 (02) :818-827
[5]  
BELLAMY WD, 1977, DEV IND MICROBIOL, V18, P249
[6]   BETA-GLUCOSIDASE BIOSYNTHESIS IN THERMOMONOSPORA-CURVATA [J].
BERNIER, R ;
STUTZENBERGER, F .
MIRCEN-JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, 1989, 5 (01) :15-25
[7]   EXTRACELLULAR ENZYME SYSTEM UTILIZED BY ROT FUNGUS STEREUM SANGUINOLENTUM FOR BREAKDOWN OF CELLULOSE .3. CHARACTERIZATION OF 2 PURIFIED CELLULASE FRACTIONS [J].
BJORNDAL, H ;
ERIKSSON, KE .
ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS, 1968, 124 (1-3) :149-&
[8]   CELL-SURFACE CHANGES IN THERMOMONOSPORA-CURVATA DURING CELLULASE INDUCTION AND REPRESSION [J].
BONNER, MA ;
STUTZENBERGER, FJ .
LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY, 1988, 6 (04) :59-63
[9]  
BOTHWELL MK, UNPUB CROSS SYNERGIS
[10]   PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF 2 BETA-1,4-ENDOGLUCANASES FROM THERMOMONOSPORA-FUSCA [J].
CALZA, RE ;
IRWIN, DC ;
WILSON, DB .
BIOCHEMISTRY, 1985, 24 (26) :7797-7804