SURFACE MOLECULAR STRUCTURE FROM ION-NEUTRALIZATION SPECTROSCOPY OF ELECTRONS IN SURFACE ORBITALS

It is shown that the ion-neutralization spectroscopy determines the orbital energy spectra of surface molecules formed of adsorbed foreign atoms and surface atoms of the substrate. For free molecules such a spectrum yields information concerning molecular symmetry and structure as well as ionicity within the molecule. Using also measured work-function change in adsorption, specific conclusions are drawn concerning O, S, and Se adsorbed in p(2×2) and c(2×2) arrangements on Ni (100). © 1969 The American Physical Society.