用遗传操纵防治蚊媒的研究进展

被引:1
作者
胡莺
朱昌亮
机构
[1] 南京医科大学病原生物学系
[2] 南京医科大学病原生物学系 江苏南京
[3] 江苏南京
关键词
蚊媒; 转座子; 埃及伊蚊; 伊蚊属; 潮霉素抗性基因; 染色体组; 基因组; 按蚊属; 蚊科; 蚊虫; 质粒; 基因载体; 库蚊; 家蚊; 库蚊属; 基因打靶; 蚊媒病; 媒介昆虫; 病媒昆虫; 遗传操纵;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
R184.31 [灭蚊];
学科分类号
100401 ;
摘要
<正> 近年,由于蚊媒对杀虫剂的抗药性等多种原因,致使现有蚊媒防治措施的实施受到限制。因而人们把蚊媒病的防治策略转到了遗传操纵上,其目的是减少和替代目标种群,改变其作为疾病媒介的特性。早在30多年前研究者就在遗传防治方面展开了研究,通过改变媒介昆虫的染色体,产生大量绝育雄虫然后将其释放到野外,以控制种群数量,达到防治目的。但是,由于实践操作上的限制而被否定。近年来,随着分子生物学技术的发展,遗传防治被赋予了新的涵义,例如利用转基因技术,对媒介昆虫进行基因转化,定向地改变生物学性状,培育对病原体不易感、自身繁殖能力或传媒能力下降、对杀虫剂敏感性增加等性状的新型转基因昆虫,然后释放至自然界,最终达到控制危害的目的。
引用
收藏
页码:64 / 66+70
页数:4
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