A transversely isotropic circular cylinder subjected to two diametrically opposite loads is considered in the framework of the three- dimensional theory of anisotropic elasticity. A general solution to this non-axisymmetric problem is obtained by using a set of three stress functions introduced by Elliot and Lodge, and the numerical calculations are carried out for the concentrated loads which are the limiting case of the partially distributed loads. Numerical results are presented for the stress distributions in magnesium and cadmium single crystals and fiber- reinforced plastics (FRP) composite materials, and they are compared with those of the isotropic materials to show the effect of anisotropy.