Currently, platelet transfusion is the primary treatment for thrombocytopnia which results from intensive chemotherapy and radiotherapy of cancer. While repeated platelet transfusions are associated with several problems. The clinical availability of safe and effective platelet growth factors is eagerly awaited. Currently, a mumber of hematopoietic growth factors with thrombopoietic activity have been identified. This review discusses the biological characteristics and the clinical trial investigation development of platelet growth factors.