民主转型与政治暴力冲突的起落:以印尼为例

被引:4
作者
刘瑜
机构
[1] 清华大学社科学院政治学系
关键词
民主转型; 民主化; 转型暴力; 政治冲突; 政治文化; 政治宽容; 印尼政治;
D O I
10.16091/j.cnki.cn32-1308/c.2017.02.006
中图分类号
D734.2 [];
学科分类号
0302 ;
摘要
相较于"稳固时期的威权统治",民主转型初期常常是一个政治暴力风险上升的历史阶段。本文指出,尽管民主化同时蕴含暴力加剧和暴力缓解的逻辑机制,但在一个族群分裂的社会,由于民主化初期政治信任格外匮乏,其暴力加剧机制常常早于暴力缓解机制出现。那么,为什么即使在社会分裂的国家,转型期不同国家的暴力冲突水平仍然出现明显差异?即,为什么一些国家比另一些暴力冲突水平高得多?本研究聚焦于政治宽容这个因素,以此来解释多族群社会转型暴力水平的差异。在本文中,政治宽容包括大众文化和精英意识两个维度,并强调其相辅相成性。简单而言,政治宽容水平高的地方,暴力冲突水平低,反之则否。本文以印尼为例,对核心观点进行了论证与说明。
引用
收藏
页码:45 / 55
页数:11
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