聚丙烯酰胺应用对黄土复合坡面降雨产流的影响

被引:13
作者
吕威 [1 ]
李淑芹 [1 ,2 ]
雷廷武 [1 ]
李法虎 [1 ]
机构
[1] 中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院
[2] 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助; 高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金;
关键词
土壤; 降雨; 径流; 坡型; 复合坡; 坡度组合; 初始产流时间; 径流系数;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
S157 [水土保持];
学科分类号
0815 ; 082802 ; 090707 ; 0910 ;
摘要
复合坡是自然界常见的主要坡型。通过室内人工降雨模拟试验,研究了复合坡面降雨产流规律以及聚丙烯酰胺(polyacrylamide,PAM)应用对其的影响。试验采用2种复合坡型(凹型坡和凸型坡)的12个坡度组合和4个PAM施用量,共48个试验处理。结果显示,PAM应用显著缩短了初始降雨产流时间,初始产流时间平均比对照处理提前63.7%71.6%。PAM应用明显改变了坡面径流随降雨历时的变化规律。PAM应用后,除了大坡度(≥10°)、小量PAM应用(0.5 g/m2)的凸型坡外,降雨径流系数在整个降雨过程中基本维持稳定。PAM应用增大了降雨径流系数和径流量,且径流系数和径流量随着PAM施用量的增大而增大。凸型坡的径流量平均比凹型坡的大14.7%31.8%。当PAM施用量为0.5、1.0和2.0 g/m2时,凹型坡和凸型坡的径流量分别比对照处理增加55.7%、100.2%、147.3%和16.6%、69.3%、108.9%。在黄土坡地上大剂量(≥1.0 g/m2)应用PAM可明显增大坡面径流量,实际应用中应制定合理的PAM施用量。
引用
收藏
页码:71 / 79
页数:9
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