不同施肥模式对设施菜地细菌群落结构及丰度的影响

被引：70

作者：

曾希柏 ^{[1
]}

王亚男 ^{[1
]}

王玉忠 ^{[2
]}

林志灵 ^{[1
]}

李莲芳 ^{[1
]}

白玲玉 ^{[1
]}

苏世鸣 ^{[1
]}

沈灵凤 ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所/农业部农业环境重点实验室

[2] 甘肃省武威市凉州区农业技术推广中心

来源：

中国农业科学 | 2013年 / 46卷 / 01期

关键词：

设施菜地; 施肥; 细菌; 群落结构; 丰度;

D O I：

暂无

中图分类号：

S626 [蔬菜设施园艺];

学科分类号：

090202 [蔬菜学];

摘要：

【目的】研究设施菜地不同施肥处理下细菌群落结构和丰度的变化。【方法】利用16S rRNA基因的末端限制性片段多态性分析(T-RFLP)技术与实时荧光定量(Real-time)PCR相结合的方法,研究了不施肥(CK)、1/2量氮磷钾化肥+1/2量有机肥(1/2 MNPK)、氮磷钾化肥+有机肥(MNPK)、有机肥(M)、氮磷钾化肥(NPK)5种不同施肥处理对土壤中细菌群落结构和丰度的影响。【结果】147个阳性质粒测序结果显示设施菜地土壤中细菌主要包括厚壁菌门、变形菌门、绿弯菌门、酸杆菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门、疣微菌门、蓝藻门、硝化螺旋菌门及浮霉菌门10个门。其中变形细菌(26.53%)、拟杆菌(14.97%)和放线细菌(10.88%)是优势菌,共52.38%。Shannon-Wiener、Simpson’s diversity、Margalef指数均是在1/2 MNPK处理下0—20 cm表层土壤中达到最高,分别为3.14、0.945、4.31,Evenness指数则以NPK处理0—20 cm土层最高,为0.941。不同施肥处理细菌的主要类群种类及丰度明显不同。RDA分析显示pH(P=0.002)和有机质含量(P=0.006)是造成群落结构差异的主要原因。定量PCR结果显示1/2 MNPK处理下0—20 cm和20—40 cm土层中细菌的16S rRNA基因丰度最高达5.26×109和4.96×109拷贝数/g,比CK处理增加90.8%和197.5%。【结论】施用有机肥处理的土壤中细菌的优势种群明显不同于单施化肥和不施肥,适量化肥和有机肥配合施用(1/2 MNPK)可以显著增加土壤中细菌的丰度。

引用

页码：69 / 79

页数：11

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