预算紧缩环境下的美国科技与创新政策新举措

被引:2
作者
张秋菊
机构
[1] 中国科学院文献情报中心
关键词
预算紧缩; 联邦资助管理; 国家实验室系统; 先进制造创新; 专利审批;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
G327.12 [];
学科分类号
1201 ; 1204 ;
摘要
2014年,减少支出赤字成为美国的首要议题,美国科技与创新政策重点是重新定位现有联邦资源,并撬动非联邦资源集中到更能刺激创新和提高竞争力的活动中,其新举措主要包括改善联邦科研资助管理、推动数据开放获取、改善专利审批程序、加快联邦资助技术成果商业化、推进国家实验室系统改革、促进先进制造创新、改善STEM教育,美国政府所采取的一系列措施需要少量或根本无需额外公共开支,通过改革向管理要效益,推进国家创新系统的转型,这些新举措对于处于经济发展新常态环境下的中国科技与创新政策制定具有一定的借鉴意义。
引用
收藏
页码:22 / 26+42 +42
页数:6
相关论文
共 8 条
[1]  
DOE Launches New Study of National Labs. Jeffrey Mervis. http://news.sciencemag.org/policy/2014/05/doe-launches-new-studynational-labs . 2014
[2]  
From Lab Bench to Bedside:Accelerating the Commercialization of Biomedical Innovations. National Institutes of Health. http://nexus.od.nih.gov . 2014
[3]  
FACT SHEET-Executive Actions:Answering the President’’s Call to Strengthen Our Patent System and Foster Innovation. The White House. http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-pressoffice/2014/02/20/fact-sheet-executive-actions-answeringpresident-s-call-strengthen-our-p . 2014
[4]  
President Obama Announces Two New Public-Private Manufacturing Innovation Institutes and Launches the First of Four New Manufacturing Innovation Institute Competitions. The White House. http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-pressoffice . 2014
[5]  
America INNOVATES Act. US Senator Christopher Coons. http://www.coons.senate.gov/issues/america-innovates-act . 2014
[6]  
National Science Foundation updates transparency and accountability practices. National Science Foundation. http://www.nsf.gov/news/news_summ.jsp?cntn_id=133533&org=NSF&from=news . 2014
[7]  
Private Sector STEM Initiatives Make Big Impact. Committee on Science,Space,and Technology. http://science.house.gov/pressrelease/private-sector-stem-initiatives-make-big-impact . 2014
[8]  
FACT SHEET:President Obama Launches Competitions for New Manufacturing Innovation Hubs and American Apprenticeship Grants. The White House. http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2014/12/11/fact-sheet-presidentobama-launches-competitions-new-manufacturing-innov . 2014