创伤后应激障碍的动物模型及其神经生物学机制

被引：35

作者：

安献丽

郑希耕

机构：

[1] 中国科学院心理研究所心理健康院重点实验室

来源：

心理科学进展 | 2008年 / 03期

关键词：

创伤后应激障碍; 恐惧条件化; 敏感化; 多巴胺; 下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴;

D O I：

暂无

中图分类号：

R749.5 [反应性精神障碍];

学科分类号：

摘要：

创伤后应激障碍是指个体由于经历对生命具有威胁的事件或严重的创伤,导致症状长期持续的精神障碍。研究创伤后应激障碍的主要动物模型为条件性恐惧和应激敏感化模型。研究表明,创伤后应激障碍中长时程留存的恐惧性记忆、高唤醒等症状与大脑杏仁核、内侧前额叶皮层和海马三个脑区及下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴负反馈功能增强密切相关。其中杏仁核活动增强是条件性恐惧记忆获得、保持和表达的关键神经基础。内侧前额叶皮层对杏仁核的去抑制及海马向杏仁核传递的威胁性环境信息,促进创伤后应激障碍症状的出现。在经历创伤应激后糖皮质激素受体的上调及多巴胺活动的增强是创伤后应激障碍产生的主要神经基础。对创伤后应激障碍的药物治疗研究证明多巴胺D2受体在改善患者症状中的作用比较重要,但仍需作更深入的探索。

引用

页码：371 / 377

页数：7

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