广州市97823例院前急救患者流行病学分析

被引：45

作者：

张在其

陈文标

陈玮莹

郭彦池

符岳

杨正飞

方向韶

蒋龙元

黄子通

赖欣

黄力

机构：

[1] 中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院急诊科

[2] 广州市急救医疗指挥中心

来源：

中国危重病急救医学 | 2011年 / 02期

关键词：

流行病学; 院前急救; 调查;

D O I：

暂无

中图分类号：

R459.7 [急症、急救处理];

学科分类号：

100218 ;

摘要：

目的调查广州市院前急救患者流行病学情况,探讨院前急救病例特点。方法从广州市急救医疗指挥中心系统数据库中导出2008年度全部数据进行统计分析。结果①在969 410次呼叫量中,日时间分布以16:00—18:00为最高(114 224次、占11.78%),以04:00—06:00为最低(23 237次、占2.40%)。②在109 682次出车中,白云区出车量最多(29 364次、占26.77%),其次是海珠区(20 069次、占18.30%)、天河区(19 962次、占18.20%)。③在97 823例院前急救患者中,男性的比例与死亡率均明显高于女性[比例:57.65%(56 394)比38.48%(37 641),死亡率:59.17%(3 269)比33.95%(1 876)]。④在97 823例院前急救患者中,创伤类是院前急救中最多的,占34.57%(33 820),尤其是交通意外,占11.56%(11 307);且以21～50岁青壮年者最多;其次分别是神经系统、循环系统、呼吸系统、消化系统急症,且均以51岁(尤其是70岁)以上的中老年者最多。⑤在97 823例院前急救患者中,共死亡5 525例,占5.65%。循环系统急症死亡(尤其是猝死)居首位(1 827例、占33.07%),其次分别为其他系统急症死亡(1 646例、占29.79%)、创伤类死亡(866例、占15.67%)、呼吸系统急症死亡(413例、占7.48%)、神经系统急症死亡(329例、占5.95%);其中循环系统、呼吸系统、神经系统急症死亡均以51岁(尤其是70岁)以上的中老年者最多,其他系统急症死亡以61岁以上的老年者最多,创伤类死亡以21～40岁中青年者最多。结论①加强心脑血管疾病和呼吸系统疾病防治,提高中老年患者的常见急危重症早期识别与院前急救水平对降低死亡有重要意义。②加强安全生产、遵守交通法规、强化法制意识是降低创伤,尤其是交通意外发生及其死亡的有力手段。

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