重症监护病房多重耐药菌交叉感染降阶梯防控策略的临床应用研究

被引:25
作者
李梅玲
黄洁
赵昱瑾
顾秋莹
王晓丽
谭若铭
李磊
武均
闵东
瞿洪平
机构
[1] 上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院重症医学科
关键词
多重耐药; 交叉感染; 感染防控; 降阶梯;
D O I
10.16718/j.1009-7708.2015.06.009
中图分类号
R446.5 [微生物学检验];
学科分类号
100208 [临床检验诊断学];
摘要
目的高耐药菌群在重症监护病房(ICU)患者中不易清除,易导致交叉传播,为防控耐药菌的交叉感染实施降阶梯防控策略,以期减少耐药菌定植与感染,改善患者预后。方法前后对比、干预对照研究上海瑞金医院外科ICU(SICU)从2013年8月—2014年7月的危重患者,进行主动性、多部位筛查耐药菌,后半年干预组实施组合式降阶梯集束化防控措施。结果 SICU共184例患者,干预组和对照组各92例。对照组检出耐药菌69株,干预组为41株。其耐药菌株检出率分别为75.0%和44.6%,P<0.001。去除带入细菌,ICU内获得性耐药菌株分别为55株和26株,耐药菌株检出率为59.8%和28.3%,P<0.001。无菌病例数分别为49例和59例,所占比例为53.3%和64.1%,P=0.13。经过分级防控的综合策略,对照组和干预组的ICU获得性耐药菌感染千日率分别为14.12‰和7.64‰,P=0.16。ICU获得性耐药菌血流感染千日率分别为3.14‰和0.69‰,P=0.45。ICU获得性耐药菌肺炎千日率分别为6.28‰和1.39‰,P=0.16。ICU获得性耐药菌腹腔感染千日率分别为4.18‰和2.78‰,P=0.88。从预后角度来看,干预组平均住院天数、住院期间病死率、28 d病死率及90 d病死率均有下降,其中以感染归因病死率有明显下降趋势(13.04‰和5.43‰,P=0.07)。结论经降阶梯防控措施能有效减少患者ICU获得性耐药菌定植与感染,缩短ICU患者住院时间,降低ICU患者因感染引起的病死率。
引用
收藏
页码:552 / 556
页数:5
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