电子垃圾拆解地稻田土壤和稻米中重金属污染评估

被引：26

作者：

吴江平 ^{[1
,2
]}

陈小云 ^{[2
]}

韩义君 ^{[2
]}

佘雅哲 ^{[3
]}

罗孝俊 ^{[3
]}

周守标 ^{[1
,2
]}

麦碧娴 ^{[3
]}

机构：

[1] 安徽省水土污染治理与修复工程实验室

[2] 安徽师范大学环境科学与工程学院

[3] 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所有机地球化学国家重点实验室

来源：

环境科学学报 | 2018年 / 38卷 / 04期

关键词：

重金属; 大米; 稻田土壤; 电子垃圾; 膳食暴露; 健康风险;

D O I：

10.13671/j.hjkxxb.2017.0440

中图分类号：

X53 [土壤污染及其防治]; X56 [食物污染及其防治];

学科分类号：

083001 [环境科学];

摘要：

As、Cd、Cu、Pb等重金属是废旧电子电器产品（电子垃圾）拆解过程释放的一类重要的有害化学物质.大米是电子垃圾拆解地居民主要的食物,大米中的重金属含量直接关系到当地居民的食品安全和健康风险.本研究测定了广东省清远市电子垃圾拆解地4个拆解点稻田土壤和稻米中As、Cd、Cu和Pb的含量水平,并评估了土壤中重金属的生态风险和当地居民食用大米中的重金属的健康风险.电子垃圾拆解地稻田土壤中As、Cd、Cu和Pb的平均含量分别为8.9～9.4、0.73～1.94、75～195和54～87 mg·kg-1,稻米中As、Cd、Cu和Pb的平均含量分别为0.11～0.17、0.11～0.66、7.54～21.6和0.27～0.42 mg·kg-1（以稻米干重计）.电子垃圾拆解地土壤和稻米中Cd、Cu和Pb的含量是对照区的2～15倍,但As的含量与对照区无显著性差异.土壤中重金属的生态风险评估结果显示,电子垃圾拆解地稻田土壤中的Cd具有极强生态风险.当地居民膳食暴露风险评估结果提示,电子垃圾拆解地当地居民大米中的Cd和Cu可能存在较高健康风险,且Cd具有较高的致癌风险.

引用

页码：1628 / 1634

页数：7

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