重力流沉积:理论研究与野外识别

被引:54
作者
李林 [1 ,2 ]
曲永强 [1 ]
孟庆任 [1 ]
武国利 [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所
[2] 中国科学院研究生院
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目;
关键词
沉积物重力流; 碎屑流; 浊流; 底流; 鲍玛层序;
D O I
10.14027/j.cnki.cjxb.2011.04.019
中图分类号
P512.2 [剥蚀作用、搬运作用、沉积作用];
学科分类号
0709 ; 081803 ;
摘要
重力流沉积是(半)深海和深湖环境中一种重要的沉积现象,因此准确识别重力流沉积对恢复古代沉积环境具有重要意义。从沉积物重力流的基本理论出发,介绍四类重力流沉积的特点和野外鉴别特征。碎屑流沉积表现为颗粒大小混杂,底面平坦,板条状砾石平行层面排列;超高密度流沉积的砂岩呈厚层状或块状,砂岩内部经常出现较大砾石或泥岩碎片,泄水构造和液化构造常见,具逆粒序的颗粒流也属于超高密度流;高密度流沉积兼具超高密度流和浊流沉积的特点;鲍玛层序Ta-d段是一次浊流事件的产物,但只有Ta段为浊流沉积,Tb-c段为牵引流沉积,Td段为悬浮沉积。在重力流发展过程中可出现各种流动转换。底流和过路流对重力流沉积的改造也是一种普遍现象。
引用
收藏
页码:677 / 688
页数:12
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