基因编辑技术在作物育种中的应用与展望

被引：14

作者：

李树磊

郑红艳

王磊

机构：

[1] 中国农业科学院生物技术研究所

来源：

生物技术通报 | 2020年 / 36卷 / 11期

关键词：

基因编辑技术; CRISPR/Cas; 作物育种;

D O I：

10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2020-0328

中图分类号：

Q943.2 [植物基因工程];

学科分类号：

摘要：

基因编辑技术是指对目标基因进行"编辑",实现对特定基因片段的删除、插入和替换的一项技术。如今该技术已经被广泛应用于细菌、真菌、动物和植物等领域,其中成簇的规律间隔的短回文重复序列及其相关系统(Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/CRISPR-associated proteins,CRISPR/Cas system)作为第三代编辑技术,其效用远超于前两代并因此在近年来迅猛发展。简要介绍了锌指核酸酶(Zinc-finger nucleases,ZFNs)、转录激活子样效应因子核酸酶(Transcription activator-like effectors nucleases,TALEN)和CRISPR/Cas共3种基因组编辑技术的作用机理,并总结CRISPR/Cas系统的功能、局限性以及其在作物育种上的应用,最后对基因编辑作物的未来进行展望。

引用

页码：209 / 221

页数：13

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