土地利用方式对湿润亚热带土壤硝化作用的影响

被引：55

作者：

蔡祖聪 ^{[1
]}

赵维 ^{[1
,2
]}

机构：

[1] 土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所)

[2] 不详

来源：

土壤学报 | 2009年 / 46卷 / 05期

基金：

国家自然科学基金重点项目;

关键词：

湿润亚热带; 酸性土壤; 硝化作用; 氮肥;

D O I：

暂无

中图分类号：

S153 [土壤化学、土壤物理化学];

学科分类号：

摘要：

在土壤最大持水量60%和30℃条件下对采自江西的自然土壤(森林和灌丛)和农业利用土壤(稻田、旱地和茶园)进行了实验室培养,研究土地利用对硝化作用的影响。结果表明,由于土壤呈酸性(pH4.2～6.3,平均为4.9),供试土壤的硝化作用很弱甚至缺失。当无外加铵态氮时,土壤的硝化速率与有机氮矿化速率呈显著的线性关系(p<0.01),而与土壤pH无关;当外加铵态氮使基质饱和时,硝化速率与土壤pH显著相关(p<0.01)。农业利用显著提高土壤的硝化作用能力,绝大部分自然土壤(78%)的净硝化速率小于净矿化速率,无机氮以铵态氮为主,而绝大部分农业利用土壤(74%)的净硝化速率大于净矿化速率。农业利用通过提高土壤pH、氮肥施用刺激硝化作用及改善土壤磷素供应状况等途径促进土壤的硝化作用。农业利用土壤硝化作用能力的提高增加了氮肥以硝态氮形态淋失的风险。

引用

页码：795 / 801

页数：7

共 17 条

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