清代北京赈恤机构时空分布研究

China was the first country to initiate and develop charities in the world. Early in the Zhou Dynasty, 3000 years ago, there were special officers "Si Jiu "responsible for charities. Since that time all the succeeding dynasties maintained charities. In the Qing dynasty the charitable organizations,which existed in both the cities and countryside to care for the sick and look after the hungry and poor, were an important reason for the rtapid in crease in population after the mid-Qing. The author systematically researches the spatial and temporal changes and the social achievements of the various charitable organizations of Beijing in the Qing dynasty