休牧对贝加尔针茅草原土壤微生物群落功能多样性的影响

被引：43

作者：

李玉洁 ^{[1
,2
]}

李刚 ^{[1
]}

宋晓龙 ^{[1
]}

赵建宁 ^{[1
]}

修伟明 ^{[1
]}

杨殿林 ^{[1
,2
]}

机构：

[1] 农业部环境保护科研监测所

[2] 沈阳农业大学园艺学院

来源：

草业学报 | 2013年 / 22卷 / 06期

关键词：

休牧; 土壤微生物群落; 功能多样性; 土壤微生物量; Biolog-ECO;

D O I：

暂无

中图分类号：

S812.2 [草原土壤学];

学科分类号：

090502 [动物营养与饲料科学];

摘要：

采用Biolog-Eco微平板技术和氯仿熏蒸浸提法,以自由放牧地(zero rest grazing,RG0)为对照,研究了休牧不同年限(RG3a、RG6a和RG9a)贝加尔针茅草原土壤微生物群落功能多样性及土壤微生物量的变化。结果表明,休牧后贝加尔针茅草原土壤微生物群落代谢活性显著升高。反映土壤微生物活性的平均颜色变化率(AWCD)呈以下变化趋势:RG6a>RG9a>RG3a>RG0。RG6a和RG9a样地AWCD值差异不显著(P>0.05),但均显著高于RG0样地(P<0.05),RG3a与RG0样地差异不显著(P>0.05)。休牧不同年限贝加尔针茅草原土壤微生物群落Shannon-Wiener物种丰富度指数(H)、Shannon-Wiener物种均匀度指数(E)和Simpson优势度指数(D)均为RG9a最高,其中RG9a样地H值与其他样地差异显著(P<0.05);不同处理E值差异不显著(P>0.05),RG9a样地D值与RG0差异显著(P<0.05)。主成分分析结果表明,RG0,RG3a和RG6a样地土壤微生物群落碳源利用方式及代谢功能相似,而RG9a样地土壤微生物群落具有不同的碳源利用方式和代谢功能。对不同碳源的分析结果表明,糖类、氨基酸类、脂类为土壤微生物利用的主要碳源。随休牧年限的增加,土壤微生物量呈增加趋势。RG9a土壤微生物量碳、微生物量氮(soil microbial biomass C,N)含量均最高,分别为590.20和72.86mg/kg。相关分析表明,AWCD值与土壤微生物H值呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与D值呈极显著正相关(P<0.01);H值与D值呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。H值、D值均与土壤微生物量碳(SMBC)呈显著正相关(P<0.05);H值与土壤微生物量氮(SMBN)呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。由此可知,休牧使草原土壤微生物代谢功能增强,土壤微生物繁殖快、数量大,从而促进土壤微生物量碳、氮含量的增加。

引用

页码：21 / 30

页数：10

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