右美托咪定的实验研究和临床应用(英文)

被引：120

作者：

鲍勃杨 ^{[1
]}

熙赞康 ^{[1
]}

斯妍娜 ^{[2
]}

鲍红光 ^{[2
]}

马大青 ^{[3
]}

机构：

[1] Anaesthetics,Pain Medicine & Intensive Care,Department of Surgery & Cancer Imperial College London,Chelsea & West minster Hospital

[2] Depatment of Anesthesiology,Affiliated Nanjing First Hospital,Nanjing Medical University

[3] Anaesthetics,Pain Medicine & Intensive Care,Depart ment of Surgery & Cancer Imperial College London,Chelsea & West minster

来源：

临床麻醉学杂志 | 2011年 / 27卷 / 10期

关键词：

DEX; 镇痛作用; 右美托咪定; 阿片类药物;

D O I：

暂无

中图分类号：

R96 [药理学];

学科分类号：

100602 ; 100706 ;

摘要：

右美托咪定(DEX)是高选择性α2肾上腺素受体激动药,起效快,作用时间短、兼具有镇静、镇痛作用、且无呼吸抑制,近来在临床上越来越受到重视。研究证明,右美托咪定在达到并维持足够的镇静水平的同时,具有独特的易于唤醒的特点,同时可减少其他镇静药物的用量。右美托咪定诱导的镇静类似于非快速动眼睡眠,故可提高睡眠质量,有利于免疫系统恢复。右美托咪定的镇痛作用呈剂量依赖性,且有封顶效应。右美托咪定和阿片类药物联合应用,不仅增强阿片类药物的镇痛作用,还可以减少阿片类药物的用量,有效预防阿片类药物过量所致的不良反应。右美托咪定有血流动力学稳定作用,但也可以引起心动过缓和低血压;右美托咪定还可降低术后躁动、恶心、呕吐的发生率。右美托咪定用于长期使用阿片类药物的患者,未出现明显的撤药反应,同时可以治疗阿片类药物引起的痛觉过敏。右美托咪定和布比卡因混合液用于骶管阻滞,提供足够的镇痛作用同时,显著延长骶管阻滞时间。对于神经外科手术患者,右美托咪定不抑制体感诱发电位,不影响术中神经系统功能评估。由于右美托咪定独特的无呼吸抑制的显著特点,在众多需要保持患者自主呼吸的临床麻醉应用中是一种较理想的药物。总之,右美托咪定这些特性将使得其在未来的临床工作中有更加广阔的应用。

引用

页码：1034 / 1040

页数：7

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