西双版纳山地橡胶林凋落物的生态水文效应

被引:28
作者
卢洪健 [1 ,2 ]
刘文杰 [1 ]
罗亲普 [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园热带森林生态学重点实验室
[2] 中国科学院研究生院
关键词
凋落物层; 阻滞径流; 拦截泥沙; 土壤温湿度; 人工橡胶林;
D O I
10.13292/j.1000-4890.2011.0282
中图分类号
S714 [森林土壤学];
学科分类号
090301 [土壤学];
摘要
森林凋落物具有阻滞径流、拦截泥沙和均衡土壤水热状况等功效。以西双版纳地区20年生橡胶林为对象,采用径流微小区法和剔除-对照凋落物等实验,测定了其凋落物的生态水文效应,结果表明:橡胶林坡地剔除凋落物径流微小区(2009年10月—2010年9月)径流量为625.7±18.5mm,显著高于对照的185.1±72.7mm;剔除凋落物径流泥沙浓度与最大1h降雨强度呈显著正相关。剔除凋落物使橡胶林坡地(6、7月除外)和台地(8月除外)表层土壤(0~10cm)湿度均显著降低;剔除凋落物表土平均温度在雾凉季(11月—翌年2月)显著低于对照,而在干热季(3—4月)显著高于对照,且剔除凋落物表土温度整年都比对照具有更大日变化幅度。可见橡胶林凋落物具有较好的生态水文功效,然而,受频繁人为割胶活动等的影响,台地凋落物的分解速率在雨季中、后期加快,不利于其生态水文效应的发挥,故在营林活动和生态恢复中应加强对凋落物的管理与保护。
引用
收藏
页码:2129 / 2136
页数:8
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