不同耐镉基因型水稻农艺和生理性状的比较研究

被引:15
作者
黄冬芬
奚岭林
杨立年
王志琴
杨建昌
机构
[1] 扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室
关键词
水稻; 耐镉基因型; 活性氧系统; 根系活力; 乙烯;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
S511 [稻];
学科分类号
0901 ;
摘要
于2004和2005年在扬州大学试验农场进行了不同耐镉基因型水稻农艺和生理性状的比较研究。2个耐镉(Cd)基因型汕优63(杂交籼稻)和扬粳9538(粳稻)及2个Cd敏感基因型扬稻6号(籼稻)和武运粳7号(粳稻)种植于盆钵。于移栽前盆钵土中加入Cd,浓度为150mgkg-1(Cd处理),以未加Cd为对照(CK)。Cd处理后,耐Cd基因型籽粒产量较CK降低6.2%8.9%,Cd敏感基因型产量较对照降低38.3%47.1%。每盆穗数和每穗颖花数显著减少是减产的主要原因,结实率和千粒重在Cd处理和CK间无显著差异。Cd处理显著抑制Cd敏感基因型的分蘖发生,导致整个生育期干物质积累的显著下降,但对物质运转率和收获指数无显著影响。在Cd胁迫下,分蘖至拔节期Cd敏感基因型的根系活力、叶片光合速率、超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性明显低于耐Cd基因型,叶片超氧自由基和过氧化氢含量、乙烯释放速率及根系伤流液中1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸浓度则显著高于耐Cd基因型。抽穗以后Cd对上述生理指标以及整个生育时期叶片脱落酸含量无显著影响。说明Cd对水稻生长发育的影响主要在生育前期(分蘖至拔节期),此期分蘖发生多、根系活力和叶片抗氧化保护系统能力强及乙烯合成少是耐Cd基因型水稻的主要农艺和生理特征。
引用
收藏
页码:809 / 817
页数:9
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