低分子肝素预防人工髋、膝关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓形成的研究

被引:365
作者
杨刚
吕厚山
高健
寇伯龙
袁燕林
徐斌
机构
[1] 北京医科大学人民医院关节病诊疗研究中心,北京医科大学人民医院关节病诊疗研究中心,北京医科大学人民医院放射科,北京医科大学人民医院关节病诊疗研究中心,北京医科大学人民医院关节病诊疗研究中心,北京医科大学人民医院关节病诊疗研究中心
关键词
血栓性静脉炎; 人工关节; 肝素,低分子量;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
R687.4 [关节手术];
学科分类号
摘要
目的 对比观察采用低分子肝素预防人工髋、膝关节置换术 (THR、TKR)后下肢深静脉血栓形成 (DVT)的临床效果。 方法 将 1997年 11月~ 1999年 3月行人工髋膝关节置换术的患者随机分为未用药组和用药组 ,其中未用药组共 47例患者 ,6 2例关节置换 (34膝 ,2 8髋 ) ,未预防性使用低分子肝素抗凝 ;用药组共 31例患者 ,36例关节置换 (19膝 ,17髋 ) ,围手术期给予低分子肝素预防治疗。两组患者均于术后行下肢静脉造影检查。 结果 用药组DVT总发生率为 19 4% ,其中TKR术后发生率为 2 6 3% ,THR术后发生率为 11 8% ;未用药组DVT总发生率为 48 4% ,其中TKR术后发生率为 5 5 9% ,THR术后发生率为 39 3% ;两组相比差异有显著性意义 (P <0 0 5 )。用药组近端DVT的发生率为 2 8% ,较未用药组为 19 4% ,两组差异亦有显著性意义 (P <0 0 5 )。用药组未发现术中及术后出血增多等现象以及由此引发的不良反应。 结论 低分子肝素可显著降低人工关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓的发生率 ,而且具有良好的安全性。
引用
收藏
页码:24 / 26
页数:3
相关论文
共 10 条
  • [1] Preventionofvenousthromboembolism. ClagettGP,AndersonFAJr,LevineMN,etal. Chest . 1992
  • [2] Low-molecular-weight heparin(enoxaparin) vs.dextran 70: the prevention of post-operative deep vein thrombosis after total hip replacement. The Danish Enoxaparin Study Group. Archives of Internal Medicine . 1991
  • [3] Prophylactic agents for venous thrombosis in elective hip surgery: meta-analysis of studies using venographic measurement. Mohr DN,Silverstein MD,Murtangi ZA,et al. Archives of Internal Medicine . 1993
  • [4] Contrast venography, the gold standard for the diagnosis of deep-vein thrombosis: improvement in observer agreement. Lensing AW,Buller HR,Prandoni P,et al. Thrombosis and Haemostasis . 1992
  • [5] Ardeparin (low-molecular-weight heparin) vs graduated compression stockings for the prevention of venous thromboembolism.a randomized trial in patients undergoing knee surgery. Levine MN. Archives of Internal Medicine . 1996
  • [6] A randomized controlled trial of a low-molecular-weight heparin (enoxaparin) to prevent deep-vein thrombosis in patients undergoing elective hip surgery. Turpie AG,Levine MN,Hirsh J,et al. The New England Journal of Medicine . 1986
  • [7] Venous thromboembolic disease after hip surgery: risk factors, prophylaxis, and diagnosis. Haake DA,Berkman SA. Clinical Orthopaedics . 1989
  • [8] A comparison of subcutaneous lowmolecular-weight heparin with warfarin sodium for prophylaxis against deep-vein thrombosis after hip or knee implantation. Hull R,Raskob G,Pineo G,et al. The New England Journal of Medicine . 1993
  • [9] Prevention of deep vein thrombosis following total hip replacement by low molecular weight heparinoid. Hoek JA,Nurmohamed MT,Hamelynck KJ,et al. Thrombosis and Haemostasis . 1992
  • [10] Concurrent use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and oral anticoagulants places elderly persons at high risk for hemorrhagic peptic ulcer disease. Shorr RI,Ray WA,Daugherty JR,et al. Archives of Internal Medicine . 1993