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Canopy gap in forest ecosystems: an introduction. Denslow J S. Canadian Journal of Forest Research . 1990
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Gap regeneration in some old-growth forests off the eastern United States. Ruukle J R. Ecology . 1981
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Gap dynamics in an Ohio Acer-Fagus forest and speculations on the geography of disturbance. Runkle J R. Canadian Journal of Forest Research . 1990
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Natural disturbance and gap-phase regeneration in a wind-exposed tropical cloud forest. Lawton R O and F E Putz. Ecology . 1988
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Light regimes beneath closed canopies and tree-fall gaps in temperate and tropical forests. Canham C D,et al. Canadian Journal of Forest Research . 1990