猪的常用行为术语及定义

被引:29
作者
杨茗茜 [1 ]
张会永 [2 ]
杨关林 [1 ]
机构
[1] 辽宁中医药大学
[2] 辽宁中医药大学附属医院
关键词
行为谱; 实验猪; 术语;
D O I
10.13194/j.issn.1673-842x.2016.07.024
中图分类号
S828-04 [];
学科分类号
摘要
动物行为学是动物表象的一部分,应用于农产、生态、医疗等多个领域。实验室医学和兽医学常将行为作为观察指标,对其异常行为及治疗方法进行研究。一个规范的动物行为谱则是了解动物行为的重要部分。由于猪与人生理之间的相似性,成为了医学研究中重要的实验动物,但是现在并没有一个规范的猪行为描述。基于猪行为术语及其定义的缺乏,该篇文章将在行为学方面对其进行分类论述。以"‘pig’AND‘behavior’"为检索式,在数据库Journal of Animal Science中检索到107篇文章;以"pig"检索式,在数据库Applied Animal Behaviour Science中检索到47篇文章;其他方式检索到107篇文章。综述261篇文章,将猪的行为归为10类,并对各个行为做出详细的定义。猪的行为包括采食与排泄行为(饮水、采食、等待进食、排尿、排便)、活动(站、走、跑、跳、玩耍等)与怠惰(卧、坐、跪、睡)、探究行为(嗅、拱、吸允、咬、咀嚼、刨、学习等)、发声(低沉沙哑的发声、低沉咕哝声、高亢咕哝声、尖叫、尖利刺耳叫声、犬吠)、情绪(积极情绪、消极情绪)、群居行为(社会组织、攻击行为、顺从行为)、性行为和母性行为(交配行为、临产行为、产后行为)、体温调节行为(扎堆)、刻板行为(空口咀嚼、拱等)、应激反应(应激、应变)。猪的行为可因饲养环境、饲养方式、感受刺激等因素而发生变化。一个规范的行为谱可为实验室医学等多领域的动物研究提供重要依据。
引用
收藏
页码:77 / 83
页数:7
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