湖泊水位变动对水生植被的影响机理及其调控方法

被引:81
作者
刘永
郭怀成
周丰
王真
黄凯
机构
[1] 北京大学环境学院
关键词
水位; 水生植被; 影响机理; 水位调控; 沉水植被;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
Q948.8 [水生植物学];
学科分类号
摘要
水位的高低及其变动范围、频率、发生的时间、持续的时长和规律性等是影响湖泊水生植被的核心因子。水位变动有短期、年内季节性和年际变动3种,对湖泊水生植被有不同的影响机理。水位短期变动通过对水体中的悬浮物、透明度、光衰减系数等的影响而对水生植被产生作用;周期性的年内季节性和年际水位变动可对水生植被的生态适宜性产生影响,并进而改变其时空分布;长期的高水位和低水位以及非周期性的水位季节变动会破坏水生植被长期以来对水位周期性变化所产生的适应性,从而影响了植被的正常生长、繁衍和演替。植被的极端深度和物种多样性是水位调控的核心表征指标,可通过经验数据分析法、生态模型法和参照法等方法来确定湖泊的适宜水位变动范围和时间。研究对象选择、研究方法、管理中的应用以及重要环境变化所产生的影响等是今后相关研究的核心问题。
引用
收藏
页码:3117 / 3126
页数:10
相关论文
共 51 条
[41]  
EFFECTS OF RIVER REGULATION ON RIVER‐MARGIN VEGETATION: A COMPARISON OF EIGHT BOREAL RIVERS[J] . Roland Jansson,Christer Nilsson,Mats Dynesius,Elisabet Andersson.Ecological Applications . 2000 (1)
[42]   Effects of sediment type and water level on biomass production of wetland plant species [J].
Lenssen, JPM ;
Menting, FBJ ;
van der Putten, WH ;
Blom, CWPM .
AQUATIC BOTANY, 1999, 64 (02) :151-165
[43]  
Primary production, sedimentation and resuspension in large shallow Lake V?rtsj?rv[J] . Peeter N?ges,Lea Tuvikene,Tiina N?ges,Anu Kisand.Aquatic Sciences . 1999 (2)
[44]   The effect of water level management on the soils and vegetation of two coastal Louisiana marshes [J].
Flynn K.M. ;
Mendelssohn I.A. ;
Wilsey B.J. .
Wetlands Ecology and Management, 1999, 7 (4) :193-218
[45]   The effect of extreme water level decrease on hydrochemistry and phytoplankton in a shallow eutrophic lake [J].
AFF1>Tiina Nõges ;
AFF1>Peeter Nõges .
Hydrobiologia, 1999, 408-409 (0) :277-283
[46]   Influence of water level fluctuation on the structure and composition of the macrophyte vegetation in two small temporary lakes in the northwest of Spain [J].
Fernández-Aláez, C ;
Fernández-Aláez, M ;
Bécares, E .
HYDROBIOLOGIA, 1999, 415 (0) :155-162
[47]   A hydrological model for predicting the effects of dams on the shoreline vegetation of lakes and reservoirs [J].
Hill, NM ;
Keddy, PA ;
Wisheu, IC .
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, 1998, 22 (05) :723-736
[48]  
Effects of water level fluctuations on phytoplankton in a river-floodplain lake system (Paraná River, Argentina)[J] . María O. García de Emiliani.Hydrobiologia . 1997 (1)
[49]  
Importance of water-level fluctuation on population dynamics of cladocerans in a hypertrophic reservoir (Lake Arancio, south-west Sicily, Italy)[J] . Luigi Naselli-Flores,Rossella Barone.Hydrobiologia . 1997 (1)
[50]  
Effects of lake water level regulation on the dynamics of littoral vegetation in northern Finland[J] . Hydrobiologia . 1996 (1)