不同水氮耦合对水稻根系形态生理、产量与氮素利用的影响

被引：120

作者：

徐国伟 ^{[1
,2
]}

王贺正 ^{[1
]}

翟志华 ^{[1
]}

孙梦 ^{[1
]}

李友军 ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] 河南科技大学农学院

[2] 扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室

来源：

农业工程学报 | 2015年 / 31卷 / 10期

关键词：

灌溉; 氮; 胁迫; 水氮耦合; 根系形态生理;

D O I：

暂无

中图分类号：

S511 [稻];

学科分类号：

摘要：

为了探讨不同水氮耦合处理对水稻根系形态生理、产量及氮肥利用率的影响,以徐稻3号为材料,进行防雨棚池栽试验,设置浅水层灌溉、轻度水分胁迫(-20 k Pa)和重度水分胁迫(-40 k Pa)3种灌溉方式及不施氮肥,中氮(normal nitrogen,MN,240 kg/hm2)和高氮(high nitrogen,HN,360 kg/hm2)3种氮水平,研究不同水氮耦合对根系形态、根系吸收面积、根系氧化力、根系氮代谢酶活性的影响。结果表明:灌溉方式与施氮量存在明显的互作效应,轻度水分胁迫增加了主要生育期根长、根质量、根质量密度、根系氧化力、总吸收面积、活跃吸收面积及根系氮代谢酶活性,降低穗分化后水稻根冠比,且与MN耦合后产量及氮肥农学利用率最高,为该试验最佳的水氮耦合运筹模式;重度水分胁迫则降低根长、根质量、根系活力及氮代谢酶活性,增加主要生育期根冠比。相关分析表明:幼穗分化始期至成熟期根冠比与水稻籽粒产量呈负相关关系,而其他根系形态、根系氧化力及氮代谢酶活性均与产量呈显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)的正相关;根系质量、根质量密度及根冠比与氮肥农学利用率呈负相关,而穗分化至成熟期根系活跃吸收面积及穗分化至抽穗期根系氧化力均与氮肥农学利用率呈显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)的正相关。表明通过适宜的水氮耦合调控,创造良好的根系形态、提高根系活力和氮代谢酶活性,将更有利于提高产量及氮肥利用效率。该研究对认识水氮耦合下根系形态生理差异、指导水稻高产高效栽培实践提供理论依据。

引用

页码：132 / 141

页数：10

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