老年医学与衰弱老年人的医疗服务

被引:60
作者
Kenneth Rockwood [1 ]
Arnold Mitnitski [1 ]
于普林 [2 ]
石婧
机构
[1] Division of Geriatric Medicine,Dalhousie University,Halifax,Canada
[2] 卫生部北京医院北京老年医学研究所
关键词
健康缺陷; 衰弱; 疾病表现; 衰弱指数; 老年人综合评估; 复杂性;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
R686 [筋腱、韧带、滑囊疾病及损伤];
学科分类号
100220 [骨科学];
摘要
目的随着年龄的增长,人们发生多种健康问题的可能性增大。这些问题可被称作健康缺陷。健康缺陷越多,越容易引发健康方面的不良后果,例如健康状况恶化,甚至死亡。所谓衰弱,足指能够增加不良健康后果的危险的身体状态。健康缺陷度越高,身体衰弱度就越大。在临床上,通过临床衰弱量表-09的使用,可以对衰弱度进行逐级描述(此量表是加拿大健康与衰老研究课题所设计使用的临床衰弱量表的修订版)。衰弱导致了健康问题的复杂化。由于老年人的健康问题较为复杂,而临床服务一般只侧重于诊治单一的问题,造成对老年患者的服务不够全面。老年专科医生应该是能够综合处理复杂问题的专家,应擅长诊治并存多种健康问题的老年患者。充分了解和认真研究健康需求的复杂性问题,老年专科医生才能最有效地帮助那些身体衰弱的老年患者。模式识别就是对付老年疾病复杂性的一种重要手段,它借助于老年综合性评估和对实际发病的衰弱老年人所表现出的症状特征的识别而加以实现。
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