专业、专业属性及判断成熟专业的六条标准——一个社会学角度的分析

The author is in charge of an empirical research funded by NSFC for examining the management consulting profession under the Chinese context.With an effort to formulate a theoretical line for carrying out the project,this article ovrsees the field of the sociology of the professions to renew the concept of profession and professionalization,to sum up the traits of the professions,and to summarize 6 criteria for evaluating a mature profession.On this basis,the author argues that there is still a lack of a set of criteria for measuring the professional levels of a certain human activity in general.The author then puts forward a four\|element(occupation,state,society:clients and the public,and university)interaction approach,which may form a set of quantitative criteria of measurement,and may lead to a theory of the movements of professionalization.