稻草还田方式对不同水分类型稻田土壤N2O排放的影响

被引：5

作者：

吴小红 ^{[1
,2
]}

王卫 ^{[2
]}

侯海军 ^{[2
]}

谢小立 ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] 中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院

[2] 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所//亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室

来源：

生态环境学报 | 2017年 / 26卷 / 09期

关键词：

N2O; 水分管理; 秸秆还田; 稻草覆盖;

D O I：

10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2017.09.007

中图分类号：

S141.4 [堆肥、沤肥]; S154.1 [土壤生态学];

学科分类号：

摘要：

稻田是重要的N2O排放源,而稻田N2O排放与土壤水分和施肥密切相关。南方丘陵区是中国水稻的重要生产地,然而由于地形海拔的差异,稻田的水分条件相差很大。该地域典型的稻田水分包括持续淹水、中期晒田（除中期晒田和收获前落干外,保持淹水）以及耕灌雨养（灌水整地插秧,水稻分蘖盛期后不灌溉,依靠自然降水）。稻草还田为土壤微生物提供了大量的碳、氮基质,不同的稻草还田方式（深施、表施）会影响微生物对稻草中的碳、氮的利用,从而可能会影响N2O排放。采用静态箱-气象色谱法研究了南方丘陵区稻田土壤在不同水分条件（持续淹水、常规灌溉和耕灌雨养）下,秸秆还田方式（无稻草、稻草翻耕入土、稻草覆盖）对N2O排放的影响。当土壤有水层时,N2O排放微乎其微;当水层落干后,N2O排放快速上升。耕灌雨养的N2O累积排放通量显著高于常规灌溉和持续淹水处理的N2O累积排放通量。在耕灌雨养条件下,稻草翻耕入土处理下N2O排放为2.566 kg·hm-2,比无稻草处理增加54%,而稻草覆盖处理对N2O排放影响很小。在常规灌溉和持续淹水条件下,无论是否进行稻草还田,N2O排放均很弱,仅为-0.003～0.030 kg·hm-2。研究结果表明,水分是调控稻田N2O排放的主要因子,在田间无水层条件下,稻草翻耕入土有促进N2O排放的潜力。

引用

页码：1501 / 1505

页数：5

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