东北黑土有机质组分与结构的研究进展

被引:81
作者
梁尧 [1 ,2 ]
韩晓增 [1 ]
丁雪丽 [1 ]
机构
[1] 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所黑土区农业生态院重点实验室
[2] 中国科学院大学
关键词
黑土; 有机质; 消长; 组分; 结构;
D O I
10.13758/j.cnki.tr.2012.06.010
中图分类号
S158 [土壤肥力(土壤肥沃性)];
学科分类号
090301 [土壤学];
摘要
在全球气候变化背景下研究土壤有机质的转化过程对于评价陆地生态系统碳截获潜力具有重要意义,而土壤有机质的循环特征及其稳定性与土壤有机质的组成和结构密切相关。东北黑土区是我国重要的商品粮基地,近年来,黑土有机质含量呈显著下降趋势,造成黑土肥力和质量的严重退化。本文通过文献资料的整理,总结了不同农田管理措施下黑土土壤有机质的消长动态、组分变化以及结构特征的研究现状,并探讨了研究中存在的问题。开垦和耕作导致土壤有机质总量、活性组分以及腐殖物质含量的显著降低,而平衡施用化肥和有机肥是维持和提升土壤有机质数量和质量的有效途径,长期有机无机配施使土壤有机质结构趋于简单化,有利于土壤肥力的保持。黑土有机质组分化学结构变化的驱动机制是值得人们长期探索的问题。
引用
收藏
页码:888 / 897
页数:10
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