膝骨关节炎疼痛机制及治疗研究进展

被引:180
作者
章晓云 [1 ]
曾浩 [1 ]
孟林 [2 ]
机构
[1] 广西中医药大学附属瑞康医院创伤骨科与手外科
[2] 广西骨伤医院关节运动医学科
关键词
膝骨关节炎; 疼痛机制; 痛觉敏化; 研究进展;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
R684.3 [关节炎];
学科分类号
100220 [骨科学];
摘要
膝骨关节炎(knee osteoarthritis, KOA)以膝关节疼痛、活动受限、功能障碍及关节畸形为主要表现,疼痛是病人就医的主要因素。现代医学认为其与年龄、肥胖、急、慢性关节损伤、代谢性骨病等因素密切相关,具有易诊断、难治疗、复发率高的特点,严重影响病人的生活质量及心理健康。但目前KOA发生疼痛的具体机制仍不明确,导致针对KOA疼痛的治疗效果不尽如人意。由于国内外对KOA疼痛机制及治疗研究进行整体综述的报道较少,因此本文系统查阅相关文献,从膝关节解剖、生理病理等方面出发,总结出关节软骨、软骨下骨、滑膜、髌下脂肪垫、半月板及前交叉韧带等组织病变均可能导致促炎细胞因子产生,诱发炎症反应;病变也可导致关节内机械应力改变,刺激痛觉感受器产生疼痛;疼痛信号的持续输入使神经功能发生改变,诱导痛觉敏化发生,贯穿于KOA整个病程。本文从基础治疗、药物治疗及手术治疗三个方面对KOA疼痛治疗研究进行归纳分析,为今后临床防治KOA疼痛提供一定的理论参考与治疗思路。
引用
收藏
页码:50 / 58
页数:9
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