倾向值匹配与因果推论:方法论述评

被引:292
作者
胡安宁
机构
[1] 美国普度大学社会学系
关键词
因果推论; 倾向值匹配; 控制思想; 反事实框架;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
C91-0 [社会学理论与方法论];
学科分类号
030305 [社会学理论与方法];
摘要
社会科学对于因果关系的关注使得倾向值匹配(propensity score matching)的方法受到越来越多的重视。本文从以下几个方面对这一方法进行述评。首先,本文系统梳理了倾向值匹配方法的历史、发展及其对于社会学调查研究的意义。其次,通过一个具体实例,本文展示了倾向值匹配的具体实施过程。第三,从密尔对因果关系的论述以及统计学的反事实框架(counterfactual framework)出发,本文阐释了倾向值匹配如何通过"控制"混淆变量从而满足非混淆假设(unconfoundedness)来帮助研究者提出因果性结论。第四,本文将倾向值匹配与回归中断设计和工具变量进行了比较。最后,在简要分析倾向值匹配的局限性之后,本文讨论了倾向值匹配的最新发展趋势。
引用
收藏
页码:221 / 242+246 +246
页数:23
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