肌肉干细胞与肌少症的研究进展

被引:7
作者
金惠林 [1 ]
陈路芳 [2 ]
张勤 [2 ]
徐哲荣 [2 ]
杨云梅 [2 ]
机构
[1] 杭州, 浙江大学医学院附属第一医院老年病科(现在嘉兴市王店人民医院内科工作)
[2] 杭州, 浙江大学医学院附属第一医院老年病科
关键词
肌疾病; 卫星细胞, 骨骼肌;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
R685 [肌肉疾病及损伤];
学科分类号
100220 [骨科学];
摘要
肌少症是增龄性骨骼肌量减少, 力量、功能的降低为主要特征的退行性疾病, 肌少症发病机制主要包括缺乏锻炼、神经肌肉功能衰退、营养不良等, 肌少症与肌肉干细胞(又叫卫星细胞)的数量和功能下降有关, 肌肉干细胞有很强的自我更新能力, 具有多向分化潜能、免疫特权行为、抗氧化能力和减少炎性反应的能力从而促进骨骼肌再生。卫星细胞增殖、分化、自我更新的机制尚不明确, 但卫星细胞数量和活化程度均与肌少症相关, 卫星细胞与多种增殖分化因子共同调节肌细胞生成和损伤修复, 尤其是p38α结合大量的肌源性基因启动子来调控卫星细胞的增殖分化。肌肉干细胞疗法在动物实验中已显示出肌肉细胞的再生和修复作用, 肌纤维及其环境的分子和基因水平变化研究对老年人肌少症的防治具有重要意义。
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