血脑屏障 结构、调控和临床意义

被引:3
作者
Praveen Ballabh [1 ]
Alex Braun [1 ]
Maiken Nedergaard [1 ]
周旭平 [2 ]
包仕尧 [2 ]
机构
[1] From the Department of Pediatrics,Anatomy and Cell Biology,and Pathology,New York College and Westchester Medical
关键词
血脑屏障; 紧密连接; 胚胎生发基质; 星形胶质细胞; 周细胞;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
R741 [神经病学];
学科分类号
摘要
血脑屏障(BBB)是一种弥散屏障,能阻止大多数化合物从血液进入脑组织。脑微血管系统的3种细胞成分组成BBB,即内皮细胞、星形胶质细胞终足和周细胞(PC)。脑血管内皮细胞间的紧密连接(TJ)构成弥散屏障,选择性阻止血液内大部分物质进入脑组织。星形胶质细胞终足紧密包绕血管壁,可能对诱导和维持TJ屏障起关键作用,但星形胶质细胞并不被认为在哺乳动物脑内具有屏障功能。许多神经系统疾病,包括卒中和神经炎性疾病均存在BBB功能障碍,如TJ密闭性损害。在这里,我们根据自己的理解,对BBB和BBB功能障碍在中枢神经系统(CNS)疾病中作用的最新进展进行综述。我们重点讨论了早产儿脑室出血(IVH),后者可能涉及TJ密闭性功能障碍,以及胚胎生发基质(GM)内BBB发育不成熟。缺乏TJ或PC以及星形胶质细胞终足未能完全覆盖血管是早产儿GM血管脆弱的原因。最后,本文阐述缺血缺氧时BBB通透性增高的发病机制,以及脓毒性脑病、人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)相关性痴呆、多发性硬化和Alzheimer病涉及BBB的炎症机制。
引用
收藏
页码:86+94 / 96 +94-96
页数:4
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