重复住院呼吸道病毒感染患儿病因及临床特征

被引:15
作者
彭才静
夏秋玲
郝瑞
邓昱
刘恩梅
机构
[1] 重庆医科大学附属儿童医院呼吸中心
关键词
呼吸道感染; 重复住院; 病因; 病毒; 儿童;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
R72 [儿科学]; R725.6 [小儿呼吸系及胸部疾病];
学科分类号
100201 [内科学]; 100202 [儿科学];
摘要
目的探讨呼吸道感染患儿重复住院的病因, 分析病毒病原学情况及临床特征。方法收集2009年6月至2011年5月重庆医科大学附属儿童医院急性呼吸道感染患儿鼻咽抽吸物(NPA)标本1746例, 患儿年龄为37 d~3岁。提取NPA中病毒核酸, 经反转录PCR法检测14种呼吸道病毒, 阳性样本采用随机核酸序列测定验证。明确其中包括2次及2次以上住院患儿23例(病例组), 将第一次住院病例与除去病例组的住院总体比较, 从个体因素、病毒检出及临床特征情况分析重复住院的危险因素;分析第一次住院病毒检出与临床特征的关系, 及首次病毒检出、体征阳性病例在第二次住院的变化趋势。结果重复住院患儿第一次住院、住院总体年龄中位数分别为7个月和8个月, 二者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.0001);重复住院患儿第一次住院流感病毒A、副流感病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、腺病毒、人博卡病毒检出率与同年龄段住院总体比较差异均无统计学意义;重复住院患儿第一次住院喘息率(69.6%)高于住院总体喘息率(47.4%)(P=0.037), 重复住院患儿第一次住院腹泻率(52.2%)显著高于住院总体(29.0%)(P=0.017);重复住院患儿第一次病毒检出与发热、喘息、咳嗽、腹泻等均无相关性。2次住院均以RSV检出率最高, 分别为52.2%和30.4%, 1例为RSV重复阳性;第一次住院病毒阳性的病例在第二次住院时75.0%(12例)检出病毒;第一次喘息的病例第二次住院时68.8%(11例/16例)表现喘息。结论呼吸道感染重复住院患儿主要为3岁以内, 喘息为重要临床特征;每次感染病毒病原不同, RSV的检出率最高;第一次住院病毒阳性病例第二次住院病毒检出率高;第一次喘息病例第二次发生喘息比例高。
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