国际视野中的延迟退休演进

被引:18
作者
刘文 [1 ]
焦佩 [2 ]
机构
[1] 山东大学东北亚研究中心
[2] 山东大学(威海)商学院
关键词
老龄化; 延迟退休; 养老制度; 老龄就业; 工会;
D O I
10.13471/j.cnki.jsysusse.2016.01.015
中图分类号
F249.1 [世界];
学科分类号
020207 ; 1202 ; 120202 ; 020106 ;
摘要
退休制度是随着人类文明的进步和社会发展建立起来的。世界各国的退休年龄与老龄化全球发展趋势基本一致,呈现出地域波浪式推进的特征。英、德两国均经历了提前退休到延迟退休的转变,退休年龄的调整是在政党、企业和工会等社会主要利益集团的谈判、博弈基础上推进的;日本和韩国先后开始了退休和养老制度改革,日本劳资谈判走在了国家政策之前,保证了延迟退休年龄和提高领取国家退休金最低年龄的基本同步,韩国却因劳资对立而推迟了延迟退休政策的落实;美国工会的态度最为积极,低福利和社会保障多元化的传统保证了美国养老财政稳定和老龄人群的工作积极性。各国退休年龄的调整均伴随养老制度的变革,老龄就业的现实性是各方博弈的核心。发达国家的经验,可以作为构建我国延迟退休制度的借鉴。
引用
收藏
页码:182 / 196
页数:15
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