日光温室番茄不同空间尺度蒸散量变化及主控因子分析

被引:25
作者
龚雪文 [1 ,2 ]
刘浩 [1 ]
孙景生 [1 ]
张昊 [1 ,2 ]
马筱建 [1 ,2 ]
王万宁 [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所农业部作物需水与调控重点开放实验室
[2] 中国农业科学院研究生院
关键词
蒸散; 蒸腾; 通径分析; 气孔导度; 茎流速率;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
S626 [蔬菜设施园艺]; S641.2 [番茄(西红柿)];
学科分类号
090202 ;
摘要
明确日光温室作物不同空间尺度蒸散量及变化规律是提高水分利用效率、实现农业水资源合理配置的关键。该文针对华北地区典型日光温室,于2015—2016年在中国农业科学院新乡综合试验基地,以滴灌番茄为研究对象,参考20 cm标准蒸发皿的累积蒸发量,设计充分灌溉和亏缺灌溉2种水平,研究不同水平下番茄叶片蒸腾、单株耗水(用茎流速率表征)和群体蒸散量的日变化和生育期变化,并采用通径分析法确定影响不同空间尺度蒸散量的主控因子。结果表明:叶片蒸腾和气孔导度随太阳辐射变化,峰值出现在10:00—14:00之间,移栽54~58 d后充分和亏缺处理的叶片蒸腾和气孔导度开始出现差异;充分和亏缺处理的单株耗水在晴天差异最大,阴雨天最小,且滞后太阳辐射约1 h;全生育期充分和亏缺处理的日群体蒸散量分别在0.32~6.65和0.15~5.91 mm/d之间变化,群体蒸散量在盛果期最大,占总耗水量的31.7%34.7%。净辐射对叶片、单株和群体尺度的蒸腾量影响均显著,而水汽压差仅对单株和群体尺度蒸散量影响显著,估算日光温室番茄单株耗水和群体蒸散量时需考虑风速影响。水分胁迫条件下,考虑叶温变量可显著提高单株耗水和群体蒸散量的估算精度。研究可为不同空间尺度蒸散量转换方法的选择以及尺度提升理论模型的构建提供借鉴。
引用
收藏
页码:166 / 175
页数:10
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