数字化导航模板辅助全膝关节置换的模拟研究

被引:22
作者
甘煜东 [1 ]
徐达传 [1 ]
陆声 [2 ]
丁晶 [2 ]
徐永清 [2 ]
机构
[1] 南方医科大学解剖教研室
[2] 成都军区昆明总医院附属骨科医院
关键词
关节成形术,置换,膝; 外科手术,计算机辅助; 计算机辅助设计;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
R687.4 [关节手术];
学科分类号
100220 [骨科学];
摘要
目的探讨数字化导航模板辅助全膝关节置换的准确性和可行性。方法取成年尸体下肢标本20具,随机分为导航模板组和传统方法组,每组10具20个膝关节。导航模板组术前行下肢全长CT扫描,利用逆向工程软件对CT数据进行处理,设计与股骨远端和胫骨近端匹配的可定位截骨平面和外旋轴的导航模板,通过快速成型机制作模板实物用于尸体标本的全膝关节置换手术操作。传统方法组按常规全膝关节置换手术操作。术后通过CT扫描比较两种方法定位的截骨准确性。结果导航模板与股骨髁和胫骨平台贴合紧密,无明显移动。导航模板组18个膝关节的股骨远端和胫骨近端截骨面与下肢机械轴垂直,2个膝关节内翻;17个膝关节后髁截骨面与通髁轴完全平行,3个膝关节有成角。传统方法组20个膝关节均出现下肢机械轴内外翻,其中5个膝关节大于5°;20个膝关节均出现后髁截骨面与通髁轴成角,其中10个膝关节大于3°。结论导航模板法的股骨远端、胫骨近端和股骨外旋截骨准确性均高于传统手术方法。
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