正渗透膜分离的研究进展

被引：19

作者：

施人莉

杨庆峰

机构：

[1] 上海交通大学环境科学与工程学院

来源：

化工进展 | 2011年 / 01期

关键词：

正渗透; 浓差极化; 膜污染; 能耗;

D O I：

10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2011.01.022

中图分类号：

TQ021.8 [化学工程最佳化与系统工程];

学科分类号：

081701 ; 081704 ;

摘要：

正渗透是浓度驱动的膜技术,是指水通过选择性渗透膜从高水化学势区域向低水化学势区域的传递过程。本文介绍了正渗透的基本构成(驱动力、汲取液和正渗透膜材料),指出膜两侧的浓差极化是水通量性能的最大障碍,采用通量模型说明了膜在两种放置方向下存在的内浓差极化和外浓差极化,内浓差极化对驱动力的减小起着重要的作用;论述了膜材料、原料液浓度、汲取液浓度对正渗透和压力延迟渗透水通量的影响;此外,评述了正渗透过程的膜污染和能耗。

引用

页码：66 / 73

页数：8

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