“公地悲剧”与“反公地悲剧”的比较研究

被引:35
作者
阳晓伟 [1 ]
杨春学 [2 ,3 ]
机构
[1] 宁波大学法学院
[2] 首都经贸大学经济学院
[3] 中国社会科学院研究生院
关键词
公地悲剧; 反公地悲剧; 公平; 效率; 对称性;
D O I
10.14167/j.zjss.2019.03.001
中图分类号
F062.6 [公共经济学];
学科分类号
0201 ;
摘要
"公地悲剧"与"反公地悲剧"在产权结构上存在着明显的差异:公地悲剧是一种由于排他性产权缺失或太弱造成竞用性资源被过度使用的悲剧;而反公地悲剧则是指资源或产权过度分割以致破碎化,导致资源排他性过强,进而造成资源使用不足的悲剧,它在产权结构上与公地悲剧存在明显区别。虽然在数理模型上可以推导出公地悲剧与反公地悲剧对称的结论,但是该结论在实验经济学领域存在较大争议——在两种不同博弈情境下,被试者具有不同、甚至相反的社会心理学反应,结果导致反公地悲剧造成的福利损失比公地悲剧更加严重。
引用
收藏
页码:4 / 13+38+155 +38
页数:12
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