华北平原地下水压采区冬小麦种植综合效应探讨

被引:22
作者
王慧军 [1 ]
张喜英 [2 ]
机构
[1] 河北省农林科学研究院
[2] 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心
关键词
地下水压采; 冬小麦种植; 生态效应; 抗旱耐盐; 防风沙; 优质高效; 华北平原;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
S512.11 [];
学科分类号
摘要
华北平原冬小麦-夏玉米一年两熟种植模式为维护国家粮食安全发挥了重要作用。但冬小麦生长期正处于华北平原降水较少的干旱季节,实现高产依赖于灌溉,是华北平原地下水超采的主导因素之一。随着国家地下水限采政策的实施,在地下水超采区如何稳定冬小麦的种植面积和产量是面临的一个重要问题。本文通过综述以往研究并结合典型地点田间试验结果,从冬小麦种植可减少休闲期土壤蒸发损失、具有的深根系系统可充分利用土壤储水、可利用微咸水替代淡水灌溉、通过限水灌溉发展优质麦生产、冬春形成覆盖层美化和防沙尘效应等方面论述了华北平原种植冬小麦的优势,提出华北平原冬小麦生产需要转变传统高耗水高产量理念,充分发挥冬小麦抗旱、耐盐能力强的特点,在不实施大规模压缩冬小麦种植面积条件下,通过冬小麦限水灌溉和微咸水利用满足对地下水压采需求,充分发挥华北平原冬小麦种植冬春防风沙、美化环境的生态功能,同时满足区域口粮安全的保障功能。
引用
收藏
页码:724 / 733
页数:10
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