NORTHERN HEMISPHERIC SUMMER CLIMATIC JUMP IN THE 1960s (Ⅰ)——RAINFALL AND TEMPERATURE

With the conception of the climatic jump, the authors revealed the large-scale characteristics of the abrupt summer climatic change in the Northern Hemisphere in the 1960s. This paper concerns the change of the summer rainfall, air temperature and sea surface temperature in 1951—1980. There was a wide zone including North Africa, northwest India, central China and Japan where the rainfall decreased abruptly in the 1960s while two zones, respectively south and north of the drying zone, experienced increasing rainfall. The temperature decreased abruptly in most of the northern mid-high latitudinal regions and increased significantly in some of the lower-latitudinal regions, leading to a sudden enlarging of the equator-polar thermal difference. It was noted that the climatic jump seemed to occur asynchronously from one region to another.