杭州无车日大气细颗粒物化学组成形成机制及光学特性

被引:25
作者
徐昶 [1 ,2 ]
沈建东 [1 ,2 ]
何曦 [1 ]
杨乐 [1 ]
叶贤满 [1 ]
洪盛茂 [1 ]
焦荔 [1 ]
机构
[1] 杭州市环境监测中心站
[2] 复旦大学环境科学与工程系
关键词
PM2.5; 无车日; 化学组成; 有机气溶胶; EC; 形成机制; 消光系数;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
X513 [粒状污染物];
学科分类号
083001 [环境科学];
摘要
在世界无车日期间对PM2.5化学组分、光学参数及气态污染物进行同步监测,评估机动车尾气排放对杭州市细颗粒物污染及能见度的影响.结果表明:管制期间NO2、NOx、CO和PM2.5浓度分别为45.0,50.8,1119,85.8μg/m3,比平日分别下降了17.5%、23.3%、20.6%和32.6%.管制期间PM2.5中OC、EC和二次无机组分浓度为8.58,4.29,25.95μg/m3,比管制前下降了13.8%、12.6%和15.7%,管制后则达到20.24,10.85,27.39μg/m3,上升了136.0%、152.7%和5.5%.管制期间较高的NO3-/PM2.5和NOR(0.15)表明PM2.5的形成更多受二次无机转化影响,管制后PM2.5中上升的OC、EC比例和较低的NOR(0.07)则说明PM2.5主要来自机动车排放的碳质组分的贡献.硫酸盐、硝酸盐、有机气溶胶和EC是最主要的消光组分,共解释了总消光系数的74.0%~89.7%.管制后,机动车排放的有机物和EC消光比例达到26.6%和24.6%,大气消光系数则达到438.7Mm-1,比管制期间上升了60.5%,表明机动车污染排放已成为影响杭州大气细颗粒物污染和能见度下降的重要因素.
引用
收藏
页码:392 / 401
页数:10
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