几种植物提取物和天然产物对马铃薯晚疫病菌的抑制作用(英文)

被引:28
作者
曹克强
Ariena H C van Bruggen
机构
[1] 河北农业大学植物保护学院!河北保定
[2] 荷兰瓦格宁根大学生物系统系!荷兰
关键词
致病疫霉; 大蒜; 木贼; 香茅油; 生物洁净剂; 植物提取物;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
S435.32 [马铃薯(土豆)病虫害];
学科分类号
摘要
大蒜和木贼提取物以及生物洁净剂和香茅油被用来测定对马铃薯晚疫病菌的孢子萌发、菌丝生长以及对叶片侵染的抑制作用 ,百菌清和清水用作对照。生物洁净剂和大蒜提取物对晚疫病菌孢子萌发具有最好的抑制作用。随着提取物浓度的提高 ,抑制效果也相应提高直到抑制率 10 0 %。生物洁净剂和大蒜提取物的所有浓度处理均完全抑制了游动孢子的萌发。木贼提取物也显示了抑菌特性 ,但程度较低。香茅油对孢子囊的萌发未显示抑制作用但对游动孢子的萌发有一定抑制作用。新鲜大蒜提取物比半干燥大蒜提取物有更强的抑菌作用。新制备的提取物与在 4℃条件下放置 1周的提取物相比在抑菌作用上没有显著差异 ,然而 ,来自新鲜木贼茎叶的提取物比干燥茎叶的提取物对游动孢子萌发抑制作用更强。无论经过灭菌与否 ,0 .12 5 %的生物洁净剂能完全抑制晚疫菌菌落的形成 ,说明它对高温不敏感。大蒜提取物在经高温处理后抑菌作用显著下降。对菌丝生长抑制效果从高到低排列依次为 :生物洁净剂 ,大蒜 ,木贼和香茅油。所有提取物和天然产物对马铃薯叶片上的病菌不表现治疗作用。0 12 5 %的生物洁净剂在接种前 3d和接种同时都显著地抑制了病原菌的侵染 ,其效果等同于百菌清。 2 %的大蒜提取物在接种前 1d和接种同时对病菌侵染的抑制率
引用
收藏
页码:90 / 96
页数:7
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